2G/3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi6 built-in antenna solutions

　　2G/3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi 6 internal antenna solutions are designed to provide comprehensive support for multiple wireless communication technologies, ensuring that devices can achieve optimal performance in different network environments. This type of solution is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require operation across multiple frequency bands, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), mobile devices, and in-vehicle communication systems. The following will detail the characteristics of these technologies and their considerations in the design of internal antennas.

　　Technical Features

　　Multi-standard support

　　2G/3G: Mainly used for voice calls and low-speed data transmission, it is still an important means of communication in some areas. For applications that rely on wide coverage rather than high speeds, 2G/3G provides a reliable choice.

　　4G LTE: Compared with previous generations of technology, 4G LTE provides higher data rates and quality of service (QoS), suitable for a variety of broadband applications such as high-definition video streaming and online gaming.

　　5G: As the latest generation of cellular network technology, 5G not only provides extremely high data transmission speeds, but also has lower latency and greater connection density, which is very suitable for application scenarios with high real-time requirements such as unmanned driving and telemedicine.

　　Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax): The latest Wi-Fi standard brings significant improvements, including but not limited to more efficient spectrum utilization, better multi-user support, and lower power consumption. This makes Wi-Fi 6 an indispensable part of home and enterprise environments.

　　Challenges of built-in antenna design

　　Frequency band compatibility: In order to support all the above standards, the antenna must be able to cover a wide frequency range from hundreds of MHz to tens of GHz. This means that the antenna design needs to balance miniaturization and high efficiency, while ensuring good isolation between frequency bands to avoid mutual interference.

　　Space constraints: Modern electronic devices are becoming more and more compact, leaving very limited space for antennas. Therefore, how to arrange multiple antennas in a small space and ensure that each antenna can perform at its best has become a major challenge for designers.

　　Power consumption control: With the increasing number of supported technologies, the workload of antennas and related circuits has also increased, which puts higher requirements on battery life. An effective power management strategy is the key to ensuring long-term stable operation.

　　Environmental adaptability: Considering that the device may be deployed in various complex environments, the antenna also needs to have good anti-interference ability and weather resistance to cope with factors such as temperature changes and humidity.

　　Application scenarios

　　Consumer electronics

　　For smartphones and tablets, built-in multimode antennas ensure that users can enjoy high-quality communication services no matter where they are.

　　Industrial Internet

　　In the field of industrial automation, built-in antennas can help establish stable wireless connections between machines for remote monitoring and control.

　　Internet of Things (IoT)

　　For a large number of small sensors and other terminal devices deployed, the design of built-in antennas is critical. AN.5G.INT.100.IP4 is a product designed specifically for such applications. It is small in size, but can support all 5G frequency bands worldwide and is backward compatible5

　　. In addition, antenna tuning switches such as Skyworks' SKY19256-701LF also provide an effective way to solve the problem of multi-band support6

　　Design considerations

　　When designing 2G/3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi 6 built-in antennas, manufacturers need to consider the following key factors:

　　Compactness and integration: The use of FPC (flexible printed circuit) or other thin and light materials can help reduce the size of the antenna and facilitate embedding in compact devices. For example, the AN.5G.INT.100.IP4 antenna launched by Maiswei is installed by pasting, which is very suitable for such applications1

　　Material selection: The right shell material is crucial to protect the antenna from the external environment. Especially for devices working in harsh environments, such as CPE used outdoors, the antenna should be able to withstand factors such as temperature changes and humidity.

　　Power management: Ensure that the antenna and its related components can operate normally within the expected operating voltage range, especially for devices that rely on PoE power supply, such as NAP-5820-X, which supports local power supply and PoE remote power supply to adapt to different on-site power supply conditions.

　　Optimize signal reception: Use advanced beamforming technology and smart antenna arrays to enhance signal reception quality, and maintain good communication performance even in the case of weak signals or interference.

　　Actual case analysis

　　The "wireless module + antenna" integrated design solution proposed by Quectel Communications is a successful example. It fully utilizes the company's technical strength and experience in the module field, and also plays a role in the design, integration and manufacturing capabilities of fully customized antennas. This solution can not only help customers reduce R&D investment and shorten the development cycle, but also improve the market competitiveness of products.