5G Wi-Fi6 built-in antenna solutions

　　For internal antenna solutions for 5G and Wi-Fi 6 (IEEE 802.11ax), designers need to consider the unique requirements of these two technical standards. 5G covers multiple frequency bands, including Sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave), while Wi-Fi 6 mainly operates in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Therefore, the internal antenna solution integrating these two technologies needs to not only support multiple frequency bands, but also optimize performance, space utilization and anti-interference capabilities. The following is the key information and technical features of 5G Wi-Fi 6 internal antenna solutions:

　　1. Multi-band support

　　5G Sub-6 GHz: Ensure that the antenna can effectively cover the Sub-6 GHz frequency bands commonly used in 5G, such as n41 (2515-2675 MHz), n78 (3300-3800 MHz), etc.

　　5G mmWave: For millimeter wave bands (such as 24 GHz to 100 GHz), specially designed miniaturized antenna arrays are required to adapt to higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths.

　　Wi-Fi 6 frequency band: supports 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, and has advanced features required by Wi-Fi 6, such as MIMO, OFDMA, MU-MIMO, etc.

　　2. Key technologies

　　2.1 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

　　Wi-Fi 6: supports up to 8x8 MIMO configuration, improving spatial multiplexing and throughput.

　　5G: widely uses MIMO technology, especially Massive MIMO, which can support dozens or even hundreds of antenna units on the base station side.

　　2.2 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and MU-MIMO

　　OFDMA: improves network efficiency and reduces latency by allocating different frequency resource blocks to multiple clients at the same time.

　　MU-MIMO: allows routers or base stations to send data streams to multiple devices at the same time, greatly improving communication efficiency in multi-user environments.

　　2.3 Beamforming

　　5G and Wi-Fi 6: Reduce interference and improve long-distance communication quality by concentrating energy to send signals in a specific direction.

　　2.4 Millimeter Wave Phased Array Antenna

　　5G mmWave: Uses phased array antenna technology to adjust the beam direction through electronic control to achieve high gain and directional transmission, suitable for short-distance high-speed applications.

　　3. Antenna Type and Design

　　3.1 Combination Antenna

　　Features: A single antenna unit can support multiple frequency bands at the same time, simplifying the design and reducing space occupation. Suitable for mobile devices that require compact design, such as smartphones and tablets.

　　Challenge: Due to the large difference between the 5G and Wi-Fi 6 frequency bands, the design of the combination antenna is difficult and good isolation between the frequency bands must be ensured.

　　3.2 Separate Antennas

　　Features: Design separate antenna units for 5G and Wi-Fi 6 to ensure the best performance of each frequency band. This approach can avoid mutual interference between different frequency bands and provide higher isolation.

　　Application: Suitable for fixed-mount devices with high performance requirements, such as routers, access points and other wireless infrastructure.

　　3.3 Miniaturized Antenna Array

　　Features: Miniaturized antenna arrays designed specifically for 5G mmWave, usually composed of multiple tiny antenna elements, can achieve beamforming through phased array technology.

　　Application: Suitable for smartphones, small base stations and other portable devices that require high-performance 5G connections.

　　4. Design Considerations

　　Antenna Placement: It is very important to choose a suitable location to ensure good signal coverage while avoiding interference with other internal components. Antennas are usually placed at the edge or corner of the device housing, away from large metal parts and other RF sources.

　　Isolation: For multi-antenna configurations, ensure that there is sufficient isolation between each antenna to reduce self-interference and improve overall performance. High isolation is particularly important when 5G and Wi-Fi 6 coexist.

　　Material Selection: Use low-loss dielectric materials to make antennas and their surrounding structures to reduce signal attenuation and improve efficiency. For the 5G mmWave band, more sophisticated material selection may also need to be considered to accommodate extremely high frequencies.

　　Aesthetic appearance: The built-in antenna should not destroy the overall design aesthetics of the product, so designers need to find a balance between functionality and aesthetics.

　　5. Major suppliers and technology partners

　　Well-known 5G Wi-Fi 6 built-in antenna manufacturers and technology providers on the market include but are not limited to:

　　Amphenol Antenna Solutions

　　Provides a wide range of built-in antenna product lines covering a variety of fields from consumer electronics to industrial automation.

　　Taoglas

　　Focuses on high-performance IoT and mobile communication antennas, and its products are widely used in smart homes, healthcare and other industries.

　　Pulse Electronics

　　With rich experience and expertise, it has developed a variety of 5G and Wi-Fi 6 built-in antennas for different application scenarios.

　　Antenova Ltd.

　　Known for its miniaturization technology and efficient radiation characteristics, it provides a series of miniaturized 5G and Wi-Fi 6 built-in antennas.

　　Molex

　　As a leading global provider of interconnect solutions, the built-in antenna product line provided by Molex covers a variety of application scenarios, focusing on the application of innovative materials and technological breakthroughs.

　　6. Selection Guide

　　Determine the requirements

　　Target market and application scenarios: clarify whether your product is for consumers or enterprise users, and in what environment it will be used.

　　Performance indicators: evaluate key performance parameters such as gain, bandwidth, standing wave ratio (VSWR), isolation, etc. to ensure that specific technical requirements are met.

　　Technical requirements

　　Regulatory compliance: confirm that the selected antenna meets relevant industry standards and regulatory requirements of the country or region, such as CE, FCC, etc.

　　Environmental adaptability: ensure that the selected antenna can operate reliably in the expected working environment, including temperature changes, humidity and other external factors.

　　Cost-effectiveness

　　Budget considerations: select the most cost-effective antenna product based on the project budget, while ensuring that the necessary performance or quality standards are not sacrificed.

　　Supplier support and services

　　Technical support: select suppliers with good reputation and technical support capabilities to ensure the reliability of after-sales service.

　　Customized services: Some suppliers may provide customized solutions to help customers develop the most suitable antenna system according to specific needs.