Vertically polarized waves should be received using antennas with vertical
polarization characteristics, while horizontally polarized waves should be
received using antennas with horizontal polarization characteristics.
Right-handed circularly polarized waves should be received using antennas with
right-handed circularly polarized characteristics, while left-handed circularly
polarized waves should be received using antennas with left-handed circularly
polarized characteristics.
When the polarization direction of the incoming wave is different from that
of the receiving antenna, the received signal will decrease, which means
polarization loss occurs. For example, when using a+45 ° polarized antenna to
receive vertically polarized or horizontally polarized waves, or when using a
vertically polarized antenna to receive+45 ° polarized or -45 ° polarized waves,
etc., polarization loss will occur. When using a circularly polarized antenna to
receive any linearly polarized wave, or using a linearly polarized antenna to
receive any circularly polarized wave, etc., polarization loss will inevitably
occur - only half of the energy of the incoming wave can be received.
When the polarization direction of the receiving antenna is completely
orthogonal to the polarization direction of the incoming wave, such as using a
horizontally polarized receiving antenna to receive a vertically polarized
incoming wave or using a right-handed circularly polarized receiving antenna to
receive a left-handed circularly polarized incoming wave, the antenna will not
receive any energy from the incoming wave at all. In this case, the polarization
loss is maximum, which is called polarization complete isolation.
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